A process during which larger areas of habitat are broken into a number of smaller patches of smaller total area, isolated from each other by a matrix of habitats unlike the original habitat.

Habitat Fragmentation

Materials that are biological in origin, including organic material (both living and dead) from above and below ground, for example, trees, crops, grasses, tree litter, roots, and animals and animal waste.

Biomass

A company pays money to make up for polluting & emissions that it does

Carbon Insetting

PROBA-V, or PROBA-Vegetation (the V standing for vegetation and not the Roman numeral for 5), is a satellite in the European Space Agency's PROBA series. It was launched in 2013 with a predicted usable lifetime between 2.5 and 5 years.

PROBA-V

A measure of the influence of a particular factor (e.g. greenhouse gas (GHG), aerosol, or land use change) on the net change in the Earths energy balance.

Radiative Forcing

The Copenhagen Accord is a document which delegates at the 15th session of the Conference of Parties (COP 15) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change agreed to "take note of" at the final plenary on 18 December 2009.[1][2]

The Accord, drafted by, on the one hand, the United States and on the other, in a united position as the BASIC countries (China, India, South Africa, and Brazil), is not legally binding and does not commit countries to agree to a binding successor to the Kyoto Protocol, whose round ended in 2012.

Copenhagen Accord

Gases in the Earth's atmosphere that trap heat and contribute to the greenhouse effect—the process by which the Earth's atmosphere absorbs and re-radiates some of the energy from the sun. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and fluorinated gases. These are produced by natural processes such as respiration and volcanic activity but also by human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes.

A naturally occurring gas, and also a by-product of burning fossil fuels and biomass, as well as land-use changes and other industrial processes. It is the principal human caused greenhouse gas that affects the Earth's radiative balance. It is the reference gas against which other greenhouse gases are measured and therefore has a Global Warming Potential of 1.

Carbon Dioxide

The goal of achieving a balance between the number of emissions produced and the amount removed from the atmosphere. This can be achieved by reducing carbon emissions as much as possible and then offsetting any remaining emissions by removing an equivalent amount from the atmosphere. The goal of achieving net zero emissions is to limit global warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, which is the target set by the Paris Agreement on climate change. Many countries, businesses, and organisations have set ambitious targets to achieve net zero emissions by mid-century or earlier, in line with the Paris Agreement's objectives.

Net Zero

1.5 degree warming refers to an average global temperature increase of 1.5 degrees Celsius (or 2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels. The 1.5 degree Celsius target has become a widely recognised goal in climate policy and international agreements, as it represents a threshold beyond which many of the worst impacts of climate change are expected to occur.

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